On the development of international green packagin

A brief talk on the development of international green packaging and environmental protection

the legislative management of foreign green packaging is the most representative in Germany, which can be roughly divided into three development stages. The first stage is the preliminary legislative management. The garbage removal law promulgated in June 1972 did not restrict the generation of waste, so that in the following years, the growth of garbage remained high and still caused pollution to the environment. The second stage is the whole process of legislative management. That is, the legislative management combining source reduction and end disposal. Since the 1980s, people have realized that the deterioration of the environment is closely related to human social and economic activities, and the understanding of environmental pollution has shifted from the simple treatment of the end to the control of the source. In 1986, the original "garbage law" was revised and the "law on waste avoidance and waste disposal" was issued. Compared with the previous emphasis on waste removal, priority was given to avoiding or reducing the amount of waste generated, emphasizing recycling. Any one measure was only to incinerate or landfill waste that could not be utilized by current technology. The third stage is the legislative management of environmental factors. That is, the legislative management of the coordinated development of resource circulation and environmental protection

the circular economy law promulgated by Germany in September 1994 fully reflects the above guiding ideology. It differs from traditional GDP and green packaging in six ways: (1) it emphasizes the management principles of comprehensive utilization of resources and closed circulation of materials. First of all, we must focus on avoiding waste, especially reducing its quantity and toxicity; Secondly, it must be recycled or used as available energy; Finally, the remaining packaging waste is landfilled in an environmentally compatible manner. (2) It stipulates the obligation to close the cycle of resources. Only when the packaging materials used are properly recycled or disposed of can they enter the market. (3) It stipulates that factories can also use parallel interfaces and serial interface providers for environmental protection, and packaging product producers have the obligation to avoid waste and recycle, reuse and dispose of packaging waste, and puts forward the responsibility and obligation for the whole life cycle of packaging materials; When the toxic components of the product are too high to handle and cannot be guaranteed to be compatible with the environment, it is not allowed to enter the market for circulation. (4) If the environmental cost of packaged products is specified and a deposit is required, the requirements shall be indicated; It also stipulates that producers and sellers of products should bear the obligation of recycling and related costs. (5) It stipulates the obligation to avoid packaging waste in order to protect the environment, that is, when designing products, we should consider the closed circulation of materials, low consumption, less waste, etc., and encourage consumers to use cleaner production products; There are safety disposal measures for waste. (6) It stipulates the final disposal method and management supervision requirements of environmentally compatible packaging waste. The packaging laws and regulations of other countries generally follow the circular economy law of Germany and adopt policies and measures such as economic inhibition, producers, economic encouragement, legalized management, and management of the whole process of product life cycle

looking at the world's green packaging laws and regulations and the relevant development situation in all aspects, we can see that green packaging and environmental protection are undergoing the following eight changes: (1) environmental protection and green economy awareness are moving from local to global; (2) From the internal affairs of various countries to internationalization at the level; (3) In terms of strategy, it is moving from "legal system" to "economy", that is, strategy will become the internalization of environmental costs through economic and market functions; (4) The laws and policies of various countries have become increasingly sound and strict, and a series of effective measures for avoidance, recycling, utilization and treatment have been introduced; (5) The introduction of new forms of environmental factor endowment (packaging environmental protection tax); (6) Cleaner production and ISO14000 environmental certification to promote the sustainable development of enterprises; (7) The awareness of green economy, green consumption movement and the government's green economic policy encourage the production and consumption of green packaging products; (8) The application scope of product life cycle assessment technology is expanding

although China has promulgated the law on the prevention and control of environmental pollution by solid waste and other relevant regulations, there is no special packaging management regulations. Since 2001, some notices or temporary management measures have been issued to solve the white pollution of packaging. However, due to the unsmooth system and imperfect relevant laws and regulations, the pollution caused by packaging waste that has plagued China for a long time has not been cured. On May 15 last year, the relevant departments of our country issued the report on improving the quality of environmental friendly tableware products and strengthening the investigation and punishment. To completely solve this problem, we cannot rely on the executive order of a department alone, that is, to cancel the ceiling of the minimum guaranteed interest rate of 2.5% and take the road of the rule of law

China's GDP ranks seventh in the world, but its per capita GDP ranks 110th in the world. With the improvement of living standards and the vigorous development of urban construction, China's urban population will increase from the current 300million to more than 500million in a short time, and the total amount of packaging waste will increase at a rate of more than 10%. If no measures are taken, the heavy burden of garbage on the environment will be unbearable, and the negative impact on China's green economy and green GDP cannot be ignored, as well as green packaging and environmental protection

although China has a vast territory, the emission of major pollutants and energy consumption indicators of the available raw material industry have fallen. Resources, especially rare resources, are far from meeting the needs of economic development. China's per capita share of resources is ranked 110th in the world. The legislation of environmental costing and packaging management should be put on the agenda immediately. The recycling of packaging waste needs to be regulated through legislative measures to promote the common and healthy development of economy and environment